Resource-rich, commercial and industrial base is weak in Africa is a new hot spot for Chinese enter

Articles researcher Tao Juan / text, however, capital from developed regions to emerging markets is changing the one-way flow, with the rapid accumulation of the country's economic strength and capital, the amount hatcheries in india of foreign investment in the BRIC countries also rose sharply. After the financial crisis, hatcheries in india foreign mass evacuation in emerging markets, and investment between each other BRIC countries are in the overweight. In 2010 the rapid growth of Chinese investment in Brazil, an increase of 50 times, the size of the year accounted for Brazil to attract foreign direct investment $ 48,460,000,000 hatcheries in india 1/3 strong as Brazil's largest investment in the country of origin. Also has mineral resources of Russia and South Africa then heats up, the total amount of direct investment in Russia hatcheries in india to South Africa more than 1.2 billion US dollars, Russian President Vladimir Putin personally went to South Africa to expand economic diplomacy leader, Norilsk Nickel and leaves 夫拉兹 Iron and Steel Company famous enterprises have entered hatcheries in india the South African mining and metals industry. hatcheries in india South Africa's investment in Russia have exceeded hatcheries in india $ 300 million. Russia and South Africa, the rapid growth of an important source of tourists. Indian computer company Sahara, Arcelor Mittal and Tata Group, is a famous foreign companies on the South African market. Brazil and South Africa cooperation has developed rapidly, CVRD has entered the South African resources and construction markets.
Emerging market countries are increasingly active in foreign investment, to some extent, the right to speak to break the circle of capital monopolized by the United States and Europe. According to the United Nations Commission on Trade and Development released the "2013 World Investment Report" data, the total amount of foreign investment BRICS 2000 was only $ 7 billion, accounting for the global share trivial; in 2012 the amount of foreign investment hatcheries in india has doubled to 20 times $ 145 billion in global foreign investment flows accounted for 10%, of which China (excluding Hong Kong data) and Russia have ranked third and eighth place (Table 1). According to IMF projections, economic growth in 2014 BRIC countries will contribute 62% of global growth in volume, while the traditional Group of Seven (Germany, Canada, the United States, France, Britain, Italy and Japan), the world's only economic growth 13%.
When "open economy" and "rapid development" has become a common feature of emerging countries, the development of each individual and the level of benefit is not balanced, and therefore the effect of wealth distribution BRIC countries showing amazing similarities hatcheries in india - the majority to the minority concentration of wealth in the hands of people. Credit Suisse's report shows the extent of the disparity of wealth in Russia for most of the world (excluding the rich live in the Caribbean islands), in the country's total population of 143 million, only 110 of the rich, they are in the hands of the country's 35 percent of the wealth, while 93.7 percent of Russian adults less than $ 10,000 in assets. Boston Consulting survey report shows that as of the end of 2007, the number of millionaires in Brazil $ one million level reached hatcheries in india 190,000, accounting for the total population of 1 . While total assets reached their hands gathered hatcheries in india $ 675 billion, equivalent to half of Brazil's GDP. In India and China, the situation is similar.
It is these top billionaires become the main force of globalization, the allocation of resources. Russia's richest man Alisher Usmanov hatcheries in india (Alisher Usmanov) hatcheries in india the identity of the original steel tycoon, hatcheries in india but in recent years, he became the first English club Arsenal's second boss (holding 30%); in the United hatcheries in india States by leading hatcheries in india investment The company DST (Digital Sky Technologies) control hatcheries in india Facebook 10% of the shares, lucrative, and holds hundreds of millions of dollars each equity Zynga, Groupon, Apple and other companies; in China, through a holding company Usmanov USM Advisors LLC Alibaba Group and holds a stake in Jingdong Mall. Such arrangement is similar to Usmanov's hatcheries in india richest overseas emerging markets, is not alone.
BRIC countries when capital flows across hatcheries in india national boundaries of Man, accompanied by the raging waves of immigration, of which technology elite and high net worth population became the main force. Russian media generally believe that Russia has come since the Bolshevik Revolution of the fifth wave of immigration tide. "Levada" The survey shows that people under 35 years old Russian immigrant sentiment more than half the children in the future hope of immigrants accounted for 63%. In China, "China International Migration hatcheries in india Report (2012)" shows that the personal assets of more than 100 million yuan of the ultra-high net worth business owners, 27% of the immigrants, 47% are considering emigration. India, because of the special colonial history hatcheries in india of Western cultural values generally agree that their emigration hatcheries in india can be traced back supreme 1960s. The rapid growth of population and unemployment stubbornly hatcheries in india high makes the Indian government hatcheries in india to encourage immigration, faced with "brain drain" relatively calm. More government through legal, tax, financial and other preferential policies to attract foreign immigrants returning Indian entrepreneurs.
China not only subject to the emerging markets of the capital flows and universal law of emigration, but its own economic and social characteristics of volume but also different from other emerging market countries. In China, popular overseas migration and massive foreign investment also recently attracted wide attention, civilians as Xifeng, fame rather abruptly to the United States, China replaced the dream the American dream. Chinese richest man Li Ka-shing, the Eastern Hemisphere sell Guangzhou, Shanghai property, the Western Hemisphere has massive buying power in the United Kingdom, water, gas companies and other monopolistic assets, according to statistics since 2010, and yellow lines overseas acquisitions volume reached 186.8 billion hatcheries in india yuan, "Superman Lee 's assets "west" strategy is an orderly staged. And in these eye-catching events behind the hustle and bustle, filtered hatcheries in india entertainment or commercial representation, more and more ordinary hatcheries in india people to join the ranks of immigrants or foreign investment hatcheries in india in (enclosure).
In the "new wealth" sponsored overseas migration-related survey, users said Jiucheng surrounded by friends and family who have emigrated. hatcheries in india The first three of these migrants abroad to become businessmen, intellectuals become two, the two become white-collar workers. Investment immigration, skilled migrants, after studying hatcheries in india the highest proportion of these three ways to settle immigrants were 44%, 30% and 18.6%. As for immigration reasons over 70% of respondents to their children's education in the first place. While only 30% of respondents believe that immigrants make better on their own career development. This also shows that immigrants are not primarily for material gain, the environment, health and safety psychologically more attractive. In high PM2.5 pollution prominent today, food safety issues, such as old-age health care system all constitute Shen malady power extrapolation immigrants. In selecting the users, the environment, the level of medical services and other soft, institutional culture is followed by "children's education" in two other important factors (Figure 2).
The American Dream is no doubt influenced a whole generation of Chinese people, the United States Department of Homeland Security data show that in 2003 there are 40,000 Chinese people emigrated to the US in 2012, has more than 80,000 Chinese people emigrated to the US, 10 years China totaled 714,100 original inhabitants obtain permanent US residency. In addition, Canada, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong is a popular immigration. Immigration Canada data show that 257,500 new immigrants in 2012 received, 32,990 were from China, as the first major immigrant source countries. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, in 2012 a total of 17,560 Chinese who settled in the country, an increase of 11% over 2011. Singapore and Hong Kong and mainland China are more similarities because culturally, hatcheries in india plus the convenience of language, a lot of choice for immigrants.
The influx of Chinese immigrants, to bring a significant change is driving hatcheries in india the local real estate market recovery. Data show that as of March 2013 in the past year, the scale of international buyers to buy a house in the United States reached $ 68.2 billion, of which $ 8.2 billion contribution to Chinese buyers, accounting for 12%, becoming the second-largest US real estate buyers. Report of the National Association of Realtors (National Association of Realtors) shows that Chinese buyers prefer Los Angeles, Detroit, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, five cities. In the "new wealth," the survey, Chinese buyers in several major target city purchase of real estate hatcheries in india preferences shown in Figure 3.
After studying skilled hatcheries in india migrants to settle in and is the main theme of the previous two immigrants. hatcheries in india Study abroad and then successfully get a green card looks is a natural thing. Right now, a lot of middle class Chinese are trying through intermediaries to send their children abroad gold-plated high school and even in college, according to the Ministry of Education statistics, as of 2011, 1.27 million students studying outside of China in more than 100 countries around hatcheries in india the world, including the proportion choosing to study in the United States accounted for 44%, followed by the United Kingdom, accounting for 15%, followed by Australia and Canada, respectively, 7% and 6%. The degree of difficulty to get settled after studying green card through adjustment and change depends on each country's immigration policy.
Although investment immigration in recent years continues to heat up, but the high threshold of property and the annual quota of 10,000 (EB-5) defines the decision that this is just a "small is beautiful" category. In contrast, a much larger group of skilled migrants. In the United States, millions of immigrants in the annual reception, spouse class, immediate family members issued a green card for the mainstream class. The well known EB-5 is just a very small minority of the categories. Official data also can be seen, in 2003, only 64 people to get a green card through this way, even if it is rich in China for two years to fully flourish, in 2012, only 6628 were successful investment immigration hatcheries in india green card, green card proportion of employment category only 4.6%, while accounting for less than 1 percent in the United States that year issued a green card in 1.03 million.
Emigration of a large profit, was the mushrooming rise intermediaries. But the merits Nanbian intermediary, in the "new wealth," the survey, 35% of respondents hatcheries in india felt totally did not play a role in education agents. The investment immigration agency has become hatcheries in india the hardest hit in the immigrant investor program, applicants Sancheng ultimately fail. And the losers in up to 60% suffered a double play type items: neither successfully get a green card, and no principal repayment of investment projects (Figure 4). In 2012's "Chicago International Conference Centre" scandal, American businessman Seth lied to investors to buy its stake in the company hatcheries in india can quickly get the opportunity to emigrate to America, fraud of more than 250 investors $ 145 million and $ 11 million of investment management fees while these investors, mostly from China.
Global distribution hatcheries in india of resources side, more than one Fosun. Chinese enterprises in recent years the tide surging, showing areas of the industry body set on high, medium, and its core meaning is that when trying to break through in China manufacturing status as "world factory", and those acquisitions sea Chinese companies at the forefront, even though they are located in numerous hatcheries in india industries, acquisition mode has also been innovation, but the overall showing a collective consciousness: they targeted or resources, or as a brand, to make up for China in " smile curve "on the lack of high added value at both ends, in order to enhance pricing (such as iron ore and other resource), or the right to speak (Lenovo's acquisition of IBM PC, etc.), in order to better participate in the World formulate rules of the game industry to go.
30 years of reform and opening up, China with cheap labor and foreign policies, the scale of foreign hatcheries in india investment has been high, and the policy "for-dollar product" for GDP growth has achieved a lot, but also laid the country's foreign exchange reserves stand China position. And now, not only is made in China, more Chinese enterprises, Chinese money going out. Consecutive years of "World Investment Report" shows that China's average foreign investment hatcheries in india in 1995-2000 traffic but $ 2 billion in 2003 to $ 2.9 billion, by 2012 had risen to $ 84 billion, hatcheries in india 10-year period increased by 28-fold (Fig. 5). In 2012, China has become second only to the United States, Japan's third-largest foreign investment economy.
State capital is the main strength of the current round of mergers and acquisitions across the sea, according to the data and Qing dynasties Research Center, 2010-2012, led by mainland hatcheries in india Chinese companies worth more than $ 1 billion in merger cases (Note: excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions Enterprises) reached 20 cases, of which 90% dominated by state-owned capital, private purchase only Wanda AMC, Geely Volvo two representatives (Table 3). Acquisition of the subject both from Canada and other developed countries, the oil group, there are some emerging markets such as Brazil, mining hatcheries in india and metallurgy companies. Minerals are the main areas of overseas investment. According to the China Mining Association, the 2011 Chinese enterprises to invest overseas mining projects for 284, an increase of 175 over 2010. China's $ 22.6 billion investment agreement. Data from Reuters, China metals and mining industry overseas investment reached hatcheries in india $ 15.4 billion in 2011, second only to 2008, the second highest in history.
Despite the large state-owned enterprises play a leading role in the cross-sea hatcheries in india mergers and acquisitions, but its main focus on the subject of energy and resource-based industries, private brand is a pioneer in the power snatch. Shuanghui $ 7.1 billion acquisition hatcheries in india of the largest US pork Smithfield is 2013's top M & A news. The acquisition hatcheries in india of Thomson's TV business from the earliest TCL to Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's personal computer business, until recent years, Geely swallowed Volvo, America's largest cinema chain Wanda acquisition of AMC and other private acquisitions tend to have considerable buzz. The reason, one of these acquisition targets are mostly high-profile brand in the industry, and second, private enterprises in the capital are often constrained, resulting in the acquisition mode and transaction structure to be trouble, but these classic cases are often for latecomers reference, such as the acquisition of Smithfield Shuanghui, prepared two sets of financing structure (see Articles September hatcheries in india 2013. "Shuanghui" atypical "Acquisition"), syndicated loans involving hatcheries in india $ 4.5 billion, also visible behind Goldman Sachs, Temasek and other countries The presence of foreign predators flashes hatcheries in india similar to this with a small amount of its own money chasing world brand "Tunxiang" phenomenon caused more concern.
Behind the number of acquisitions and doubling the size of strategic interests hatcheries in india is the first major driving force. Deloitte in 2011 after Greater China outbound M & A analysis pointed out that the focus of the project, to promote Chinese enterprises overseas M & A transaction of the four main principles are: to protect the raw material input (energy and resources of various mergers and acquisitions, and actively participate in local infrastructure), by borrowing giving a helping hand (such as Commercial Bank of China and Argentina, South Africa bank mergers and acquisitions, to serve other transactions), to escape the crowded local market (internationalization, expand market hatcheries in india territory), the world's brand to Greater China (Geely introduced the Volvo brand and enhance hatcheries in india its influence in China region).
Resource-rich, commercial and industrial base is weak in Africa is a new hot spot for Chinese enterprises to invest overseas. According to Commerce Department statistics, as of August 2010, China has set up more than 2,000 foreign enterprises in Africa, the cumulative investment of $ 32.3 billion of various types, accounting for more than one-tenth of China's hatcheries in india total foreign investment, direct investment in 2003-2009 average annual growth rate of 63.6%; non-contracted projects amounted to a total of contract $ 205.2 billion. Compared to the fierce competition in the market of developed countries, the African market is very obvious advantages hatcheries in india and disadvantages, both have low labor and energy prices, also generally have lower taxes, but the lack of spirit hatcheries in india of the contract, is the lack of infrastructure investment in Africa The main obstacle. Relatively speaking, mineral resources, infrastructure, processing and manufacturing, telecommunications services, agricultural projects, labor service contracts have become a high degree of concentration in the field of Chinese enterprises.
And before the popular self-construction, compared to a hundred percent holding, and now Chinese enterprises to invest sea